BIOL 103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 48: Myelin, Potassium Channel, Schwann Cell
24 Jul 2016
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Document Summary
Consists of brain, spinal chord, sense organs and nerves. A nerve has hundreds of neurons, with associate glial cells. Cells in nervous system that send and receive electrical and chemical signals to and from other neurons throughout the body. Amount varies widely as function of size and behavioural complexity. Contains nucleus and site of metabolic reactions, encodes genes that are transcribed and translated, processes input from dendrites. Branches off to communicate with neurons, glands and muscles, releases chemical signals into space. Thick, fatty, insulating layer encloses some axons, gives white appearance, protects neurons and speeds rate of nerve impulse transmission. Type of glial cell, forms myelin by wrapping themselves around axon cells responsible for nourishment, removal of wastes and protection. Muscles, glands and organs that respond to impulses from motor neurons. Myelinated neurons: white matter, in central nervous system. Unmyelinated neurons: grey matter, most neurons in peripheral nervous system. Reflex arcs: simple connections of neurons for reflexive behaviours.
