BIOL 205 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5.1: Petri Dish, Microbiological Culture, Horizontal Transmission

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Prokaryotes can undergo both sexual and asexual reproduction. Asexual bacteria reproduction : genomic dna replicates & partitioned into daughter cells, But partitioning method = different from mitosis. Sexual reproduction : two dna molecules from different sources brought together. How is this diff from eukaryotes? in bacteria, rarely are 2 complete chromosomes brought together usually, the union is of one complete chromosome plus a fragment of another. Conjugation, contact and fusion of 2 diff bacterial cells. After fusion, donor cell sometimes transfers genomic dna to the other cell transferred dna part or (rarely) all of bacterial genome. In some cases, autonomous extragenomic dna elements called plasmids, if present, are transferred. Such plasmids are capable of carrying genomic dna into the recipient cell. Transformation: a bacterial cell takes up a piece of dna from the external environment and incorporates this dna into its own chromosome.

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