PHGY 214 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11.4: Medulla Oblongata, Hypercapnia, Pulmonary Artery

Hi this is the introduction that I have written for my poster. Myposter is on the following URL (please have a look!).

You have a summer intern position at a laboratory that uses a high-speed proton beam. The protons exit the machine at a speed of m/s, and you've been asked to design a device to stop the protons safely. You know that protons will embed themselves in a metal target, but protons traveling faster than m/s emit dangerous x rays when they hit. You decide to slow the protons to an acceptable speed, then let them hit a target. You take two metal plates, space them 2.1 cm apart, then drill a small hole through the center of one plate to let the proton beam enter. The opposite plate is the target in which the protons will embed themselves.

1.What are the minimum surface charge densities you need to place on each plate? 

2. Which plate, positive or negative, faces the incoming proton beam?

8. Say the person in #7 increases their exertion so that theirmetabolic rate rises to 500 Cal/m2hr. The conditions are the sameas described above with one exception: assume that the clothing isonly 0.1 cm thick. At this thickness, they are definitely losingheat to the environment. This heat loss is the only means they haveto cool themselves (humidity too high inside the clothes toevaporate sweat, ignore heat lost to breathing). At what rate willtheir temperature rise/fall? Use that the specific heat of thebody, on average is 8.3 X 10-4 Cal/g °C.

(#7 information - 7. Someone is walking outside when thetemperature of the air is -10°C. The metabolic rate of walking is140 Cal/m2hr, and the usual muscle efficiency (20%) applies. Theyare completely covered by clothing with a coefficient of thermalconductivity of 0.36 Cal-cm/m2 hr °C. Their total surface area is1.7 m2, and this area can be used as the area through which heat isbeing conducted away from the body. Their skin temperature is thesame as the inside surface of the clothing, 35°C. The temperatureof the outside of the clothing is -10°C. It is dark outside. Theirmass is 75 kg. Ignore heat lost to breathing.)