PSYC 251 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Fluid And Crystallized Intelligence, Intelligence Quotient, Intellectual Disability
12 Mar 2014
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Page 266-293, 27 pages page 1 of 8. Chapter 8: intelligence & individual differences in cognition. What is intelligence: intelligence encompasses an individual"s ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, and to overcome obstacles through mental effort. Psychometric theories: psychometricians are psychologists who specialize in measuring psychological characteristics such as intelligence and personality. General intelligence applicable to various situations, tasks, or problems so performance tends to be consistent. Spearman believe the general factor for intelligence, g, was responsible for performance on all mental tests: john carroll: hierarchical theory of intelligence with both general and specific components. Ei includes perceiving emotions accurately, and regulating one"s emotions. People with high ei tend to have higher self-esteem and are more sociable. Sternberg"s theory of successful intelligence: sternberg defines successful intelligence as using one"s abilities skillfully to achieve one"s personal goals, which can be both short-term and long-term.
