PSYC 100 Chapter Notes -Thermodynamic Cycle, Lev Vygotsky, Object Permanence

• School: Queen's University
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYC 100
• Professor: Ingrid Johnsrude

Document Summary

How and why humans change over their lifespan and reach milestones in life. Eg. little albert: classical cond. by watson and rayner; neutral stimulus + conditioned stimulus = conditioned response--> generalized fear to other stimuli. Believed that conditioning is the primary mechanism through which we learn about the world. ->rewarded behaviors repeated (reinforcement), punished behaviors avoided (punishment: receiving attention is a powerful reinforcer for young children. Children will act out, even in the hopes of receiving negative attention: more difficult to extinguish behavior that has been intermittently reinforced than behavior that has been consistently reinforced. Subject used to sometimes not being rewarded, waits for possible next reward. Reinforces bad behavior in kids when we occasionally give into their demands. Kids" behavior is affected by their environment and interactions w/ it. Theorized that people develop through a series of 4 stages coinciding with 4 key ages. Emphasized importance b/w environ. and maturational factors in development.