BLG 151 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Methanocaldococcus Jannaschii, Pilus, Natural Transformation

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Chapter 9 microbiology study notes: gene transfer, mutations, and dna repair: Natural transformation- the active uptake of free/naked dna by bacterial cells and then the bacterial cell incorporates that genetic material to its own requires transformasomes. Transformasomes- a protein complex that protects the donor dna from degrading enzymes when it enters the target bacterial cell during transformation. Natural transformation in gram + bacteria: (e. g. streptococcus) Growth phase- (cid:396)efe(cid:396)s to a (cid:272)ell (cid:858)g(cid:396)o(cid:449)i(cid:374)g(cid:859)/asse(cid:373)(cid:271)li(cid:374)g a t(cid:396)a(cid:374)sfo(cid:396)(cid:373)aso(cid:373)e (cid:272)o(cid:373)ple(cid:454) a(cid:272)(cid:396)oss the (cid:272)ell (cid:373)e(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:396)a(cid:374)e. The complex is comprised of a binding protein that captures extracellular dna floating in the environment, plus proteins that form a transmembrane pore. Once the transformasome is assembled, the cell is becomes competent: this means that it can import free dna fragments and incorporate them into its genome by recombination. Process of transformation of gram + bacteria in steps: Cf (competence factor)- a signaling molecule that is responsible for beginning the transformation process.

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