BLG 151 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Pseudopeptidoglycan, Glycerol, Crenarchaeota
3 Oct 2015
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Document Summary
Archaea and bacteria separated into distinct taxa, not put together as prokaryotes. Cocci and rods, usually single, cocci can be in clusters, rods into chains. Some unique forms, branched, flat, postage stamp shaped. Most have cell walls, more diverse than bacterial walls. Seen some capsules, nucleoids, ribosomes flagella and inclusion. Cell envelope: plasma membr and any layers external to it. Some have monolayer membr than function like bilayers. Due to presence of unique lipids in plasma membr. S-layer is the major in organization, sometime only component of cell wall. Membr lipids composed of hc derived from isoprene units: 5c branched molec. Affects the way lipids pack together and thfo fluidity and permeability. Significant in extremophiles, extreme conditions can alter membr, ex hot temp fluidity and permeability. Hc attached to glycerol by ether links rather than ester links, more resistant to chem attack and heat. Glycerol diether lipids: formed when 2 hc attached to glycerol.
