ECN 104 Chapter 18: Chapter 18 notes

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The welfare state is a collection of government programs which reduce economic hardship (poverty) Social welfare program is designed to provide payments based on need. A social insurance program is designed to provide protection against unpredictable financial distress. Benefits to poverty reduction and access to healthcare. Children from troubled backgrounds are less likely to earn a healthy income. This is why programs that reduce poverty and provide healthcare generate external benefits to society. The ability to pay principle says that people with low incomes should pay a smaller fraction of their income than people with larger incomes. It also says that people who earn less should get some money back from the tax system. The policies of the welfare state originate in the department of distribution. When increasing the minimum wage, the intent is to help increase the income of the poor. They involve the department of allocation because they may have effects on incentives.

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