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ECN 104 Chapter Notes - Chapter 4: Instant Noodle, Demand Curve, Inferior Good

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21 Nov 2013

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Ryerson University

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Document Summary

Law of demand: if price goes up, quantity demanded goes down. If price goes down, quantity demanded goes up. Demand line is negative inverse downward sloping. The only thing that causes a movement along a curve (change in quantity demanded) is a change in price. Demand curve shifters: # buyers, income, prices of related goods, tastes, expectations: income: A normal good is a good that is positively related to income. An inferior good is negatively related to income (if i made more money i would buy less of that good to buy other better goods. Ex: instant noodles: prices of related goods: Substitute: something never used together ex: coke and pepsi. An increase in the price of coke, the demand of pepsi increases shifting the curve to the right. Complements: goods that are related to each other ex: meat and hamburgers. An increase in the price of meat, the demand of hamburgers decreases shifting the curve to the left.

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Related Questions

*Please provide the answer but also explain what is inelastic, elastic,unitary elastic

*Please explain elasticity of demand values

*Please explain what is an inferior good, how to obtain the answer.

1) If the price of gasoline increases 10% and quantity demanded decreases by 5%, then the demand curve for gasoline is:

A) inelastic.

B) elastic.

C) unitary elastic.

D) a perfect substitutable good.

2) If a good has an elasticity of demand of 21, then we say the good is:

A) highly inelastic.

B) unitary elastic. C) not elastic.

D) highly elastic.

3) For inferior goods, when an individual's income decreases, quantity demanded for these goods increases.

A) True

B) False

Demand and Supply of Product X (per week)

price	quantiy demanded	quanity supplies	surplus/shortage	pressure on price
1	20	0
2	15	5
3	10	10
4	5	15
5	0	20

True or False?

1) The law of demand implies that an increase in the price of good will decrease the demand for that good.

2) The law of supply implies that an increase in the price of a good will increase the quantity supplied of that good.

3) A change in a non-price determinant of demand will result in the movement along a given demand curve.

4) An increase in supply is reflected graphically as a leftward shift of the supply curve.

5) There is no difference between changes in quantity demanded of beef and change in demand for beef. Justify your answer.

6) Because the price of milk was very high, my mother bought less cereal than usual.

7) Now that my uncle Thomas has an increase in income his household consumes less potatoes and cabbages.

8) Because the price of Pepsi cola fell, price of coca cola remaining the same, we bought many cans of coca cola last month.

1 an imperfect market, individual firms

A.are always able to set the price of their product.

B.are able to influence the price of their product.

C.have no influence over the price of their product.

D.take the market price as given.

1 Which of the following is NOT characteristic of a market economy?

Significant government intervention

Little or no government intervention

Buyers and sellers motivated by self-interest

Prices determined by demand and supply

2 In a competitive market, the price of the product is

independently set by each competing seller.

set by the market leader and then copied by other sellers.

jointly set after a meeting of all sellers in the market.

set by market supply and demand.

3 Which of the following firms participates in a competitive market?

A new car manufacturer, such as Ford, Honda, Toyota, or GMC

A software producer, such as Microsoft

A local electric utility company

4 In an imperfect market, individual firms

are always able to set the price of their product.

are able to influence the price of their product.

have no influence over the price of their product.

take the market price as given.

5 Which of the following firms operates as a monopoly?

A car manufacturer

A local water utility

A fish vendor at a neighborhood market

6 According to the law of demand, what is the relationship between price and quantity demanded?

No relationship

7 Refer to the following graph. The demand curve slopes downward because
Click to view graphic. (Links to an external site.)

prices and quantity demanded move in opposite directions.

prices and quantity demanded move in the same direction.

prices and quantity demanded have no relationship.

prices and quantity demanded remain unchanged.

8 A change in which of the following will cause a change in the quantity demanded of coffee?

Consumer income

The price of green tea, a substitute for coffee

The number of coffee consumers

The price of coffee

9 Suppose that burgers and fries are complements in consumption. If the price of fries increases

overall demand for burgers will increase.

overall demand for burgers will decrease.

quantity demanded for burgers will increase.

quantity demanded for burgers will decrease.

10 Suppose that Coca Cola and Pepsi are substitutes in consumption. If the price of Coca Cola decreases, then

both the equilibrium price and the quantity of Pepsi demanded will decrease.

both the equilibrium price and the quantity of Pepsi demanded will increase.

the equilibrium price of Pepsi will increase and the quantity demanded of Pepsi will decrease.

the equilibrium price of Pepsi will decrease and the quantity demanded of Pepsi will increase.

11 According to the law of supply, what is the relationship between price and quantity supplied?

No relationship

It depends on the change in price

12 Refer to the graph below. The supply curve is _______________ driven by the law of supply.
Click to view graphic. (Links to an external site.)

Downward sloping

Perfectly vertical

Perfectly horizontal

13 A change in which of the following will cause a change in the quantity supplied of coffee?

The technology or the production process of making coffee

Anticipation of a change in the price of coffee

The wages of coffee bean pickers

The price of coffee

14 Which of the following will cause a rightward shift in the supply curve for tobacco?

A fall in the number of tobacco farmers in the market

An increase in taxes on tobacco

Removal of government subsidies to tobacco farmers

An improvement in the technology used in the production of tobacco

15 Flour is a factor of production of cupcakes. How will an increase in the price of flour affect the market for cupcakes?

Overall supply will increase

Overall supply will decrease

Quantity supplied will increase

Quantity supplied will decrease

16 Refer to the following image. When a market is in equilibrium, which of the following is true?
Click to view graphic. (Links to an external site.)

Quantity supplied exceeds quantity demanded

Quantity supplied is less than quantity demanded

Quantity supplied is equal to quantity demanded

There is no relationship between quantity supplied and quantity demanded

17 Refer to the following figure. At a price of $15, this market is experiencing a(n)
Click to view graphic. (Links to an external site.)

none of the above are true.

18 Refer to the following figure. At a price of $5, this market is experiencing
Click to view graphic. (Links to an external site.)

None of the above are true.

19 Suppose pasta salad is a normal good. If the price of pasta (a major ingredient in pasta salad) increases and income also increases, the

equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price of pasta salad will increase.

equilibrium quantity of pasta salad will decrease and the equilibrium price of pasta salad may either increase or decrease.

equilibrium quantity of pasta salad may either increase or decrease and the equilibrium price of pasta salad will increase.

equilibrium quantity and equilibrium price of pasta salad will both decrease.

20. What must happen to the market price in order for a shortage to be eliminated?

Price must fall.

Price must rise.

Price must stay the same.

Price may rise or fall depending on the size of the shortage.