BPK 140 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Antibody, Cell Nucleus, Protozoa

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Communicable- capable of being passed from one person (or animal) to another. Incidence- the number of new cases of a condition per year, often expressed as a rate, (ex. per 100 000 population) Infection- the invasion of the body by, and the multiplication in the body of, a pathogen. Latent period/ incubation period- the time from entry of the pathogen until the appearance of symptoms. Most pathogens are tiny, and can only be seen with a microscope. Bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa can all act as pathogens. Bacteria- single celled organisms that lack a cell nucleus. All pathogens have proteins called antigens on their surface. Antigens- a protein that stimulates the body to produce antibodies. Antibiotics- drugs (such as penicillin) that are effective against some pathogens. Are taken to fight an infection kill many of good bacteria in the gut, but can decrease ability to digest food, sometimes resulting in diarrhea.

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