CRIM 104 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1-6: Differential Association, Cesare Beccaria, Cesare Lombroso
26 Sep 2017
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Document Summary
Sociology is the study of social relations, social forces, social conduct, social conventions, social constraints, and social institutions. Sociology and criminology origins in the enlightenment, also known as the age of reason. De montesquieu- the founder of the sociology of knowledge. Saint-simon- one of the founders of sociology, impressed by newton"s law of gravity and the. Power of reason , introduced positivism : the application of scientific principles to the study of human phenomenon. Auguste comte: coined the term sociology , redefined positivism as positive philosophy vs. Negativistic philosophy of the french revolution and the enlightenment. Cesare beccaria: torture was unfair, confession may have nothing to do. Jeremy bentham: hedonistic calculus , rational people would weigh pleasure against pain. Penal pharmacy , calculation of how pain was required to offset the pleasure of committing crimes. Macrotheories: board, tend to explain the effects of social structure. Microtheories: narrow, tend to explain the process through which individuals or groups become criminal.
