CRIM 241 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Solitary Confinement, Legcuffs
27 Apr 2018
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`Crim 241:
Chapter 2: The Origins and Evolution of Canadian Corrections
The Creation of the Canadian Penitentiary
- The key indicator of correctional change is the creation of new structural arrangements
for sanctioning offenders.
- 1790 – 1830: US believed that crimes came from community disorder and family
instability.
- Pesylaia odel: istitutios operated o a separate ad silet syste, oplete
isolating between prisoners.
- Auburn Model (New York): prisoners worked and ate together during the day and slept
separately during the night. (strict silence): no communication or hand signals.
- Kingston, Ontario had first penitentiary.
o Symbolizes a moral architecture: one that reflected the themes of order and
morality.
- They thought intemperance, laziness, and a lack of moral values caused them to commit
crimes.
o Strong emphasis on religion were core elements.
- Prisoners in Kingston were separated by gender and type of offence.
o Allowed to have their own bedding, clothing and food
o Hard labour and discipline were number one priorities
o Breaches of prison regulations brought swift and harsh punishments (flogging,
leg irons, solitary confinement)
- Men usually whipped. Woman sent to solitary confinement
- Royal Commission came from Kingston.
o Brown Commission: investigated charges of mismanagement, theft and
mistreatment of convict. They condemned the use of corporal punishment and
emphasized the need for rehabilitation.
o Brown commission was a missed opportunity.
Late ’s AND Early ’s
- In 1906, A penitentiary act was passed that included the removal of youthful inmates
and the mentally disorder from general penitentiary populations.
Beginnings of Modern Reform (1930-1970)
- There was a shift towards rehabilitation under what is known as the Medical Model of
Corrections: the view that criminal offenders were ill – physically, mentally – and/or
socially and that treatment and diagnosis would ensure rehabilitation.
Late 20th and Early 21st Century: The Americanization of Canadian Corrections
- Bill C-10 altered wording in the Corrections and Conditional Release Act, replacing the
priiple that the C“C ust use the least restritie easures osistet ith the
protecton of the puli, staff eers ad offeders
- Bill C-10 was just a component of their legislature to get tough on crime.
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Document Summary
Chapter 2: the origins and evolution of canadian corrections. The key indicator of correctional change is the creation of new structural arrangements for sanctioning offenders. 1790 1830: us believed that crimes came from community disorder and family instability. Pe(cid:374)(cid:374)syl(cid:448)a(cid:374)ia (cid:373)odel: i(cid:374)stitutio(cid:374)s operated o(cid:374) a (cid:862)separate a(cid:374)d sile(cid:374)t(cid:863) syste(cid:373), (cid:272)o(cid:373)plete isolating between prisoners. Auburn model (new york): prisoners worked and ate together during the day and slept separately during the night. (strict silence): no communication or hand signals. Kingston, ontario had first penitentiary: symbolizes a moral architecture: one that reflected the themes of order and morality. They thought intemperance, laziness, and a lack of moral values caused them to commit crimes: strong emphasis on religion were core elements. Royal commission came from kingston: brown commission: investigated charges of mismanagement, theft and mistreatment of convict. They condemned the use of corporal punishment and emphasized the need for rehabilitation: brown commission was a missed opportunity.
