PHIL 1110 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Deductive Reasoning, Inductive Reasoning
Document Summary
Deductive arguments- an argument in which the premises are intended to provide a guarantee of the truth of the conclusion. Inductive arguments- an argument in which the premises are intended to provide a high degree of probability that the conclusion is true. Argument from analogy- an argument that draws a conclusion about one case (primary subject) on the basis of its similarities to another case (analogue). Example p1) the dr. told sarina she needs to get more exercise because she"s out of shape. C3) therefore, the dr. would probably also tell marisa to get more exercise. Primary subject- the topic of the conclusion in an analogy. Analogue- what the primary subject is being compared to. Valid argument- a deductive argument in which the premises necessarily lead to the conclusion; that is, it is impossible for the arguments premises to be true and its conclusion to be false.
