Sociology 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 22: Mortality Rate, Arithmetic Progression, Geometric Progression
Chapter 22-Population, Urbanization and Environment
Demography: The Study of population
Analyzes size and composition of a population, and studies how and why people move from
place to place.
Fertility: the iidee of hildearig i a outry’s populatio.
Crude Birth Rate: The number of live births in a given year for every 1000 people in a pop.
Crude / it takes ot oly oe of hildearig age ito aout.
Mortality: The incidee of death i a soiety’s populatio
Crude death rate: Number of deaths in a given year for every 1000 people
Infant mortality Rate: Number of deaths among infants >one year for each 1000 live births.
Life expectancy: Ag life spa of a outry’s population
Migration: Movement into and out of a territory
Immigration: measured as In-migration rate(number entering an area for every 1000 people in
the population.
Net Migration rate: Net result of in-migration and out-migration
Population Growth: Fertility, ortality ad igratio affet the size of a soiety’s populatio
Natural Growth Rate: Calculated by subtracting the crude death rate from the crude birth rate
-High income countries grow more from immigration than fertility
Population Composition
Sex Ratio: Number of males for every 100 females (Women outlive men)
Age-sex pyramid: A graphic representation of the age and sex of the population
Malthusian Theory
-Malthus warned of impending doom based on population projections
-population growth increases in geometric progression
-food production in arithmetic progression b/c limited farm land
-people reproducing at rates that exceed their ability to produce sufficient food.
Demographic Transition Theory
The thesis that population patterns reflet a soiety’s leel of tehologial deelopet.
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Document Summary
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