CHEM103 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1.5: Abbreviation, Kilogram, Intensive And Extensive Properties

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amethystjellyfish251

3 Jan 2016

School

University of Alberta

Department

Chemistry

Course

CHEM103

Professor

John Veinot

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CHEM103 Full Course Notes

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Document Summary

Chapter 1 keys to the study of chemistry. The si system is based on 7 fundamental units, or base units, each identified with a physical quantity. All other units are derived units, combinations of the. For quantities much smaller or larger than the base unit, we use decimal prefixes, and exponential (scientific) notation. Temperature (t)is a measure of how hot or cold one object is relative to another. Heat is the energy that flows from the object with the higher temperature to the object with the lower temperature. The si base unit for temperature is the kelvin (k). Some variables are dependent on the amount of substance present; these are called extensive properties. Intensive properties are independent of the amount of substance. (e. g. mass and volume are extensive properties, but density is an intensive property) Heat is an extensive property, temperature is an intensive property.

Related Questions

Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) Case Study 2007

Brian is a 54 year old, African American male, 73 kg, admittedto the MICU with diabetic ketoacidosis, and a request to monitorrespiratory status. He has Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus of 35 yearsduration. After admission to the ICU, he had multiple episodes ofemesis. Brian said he had been vomiting for the past 2 days andadmitted to skipping several doses of insulin recently. He reportedthat he had been feeling feverish at home and was exhibitingoccasional coughing episodes.

Brianï¿½sassessment:

Pain and cramping throughout abdomen
Extremely lethargic and difficult to arouse
Skin dry and warm
Lungs with occasional crackles; respirations deep andrapid
Sinus tachycardia
BP 124/80
HR 128 bpm
RR 32/minute
T 96.3 F (oral)

Labs:

Hgb 14.5gm/dl

Hct 58%

Na 126mmol/L Creatinine 4.9 mg/dl

K 5.3mmol/L BUN 52 mg/dl

Cl 95mmol/L Glucose 560 mg/dl

Phos 6.8mmol/L A_1c 7.8 %

Ca 8.8 mmol/L

ABGs on 50%FM Urine

PH 7.19 Spec grav 1.015

PaO₂ 100 mmHg Ketones 4+

PaCO₂20 mmHg Leukocytes Few

HCO₃ 7.5mmol/L Glucose 4+

SaO₂98% on 2L RBCs many

Home insulin and medications:

Glargine ï¿½ 26 units SQ daily andAspart 8 units SQ with meals

Lipitor

Reglan

BetaBlocker

ASA

1. Discuss the physiology of DKA.

2. List the classic signs and symptoms of DKA.

3. What type of acid base imbalance does this person have?

4. What type of electrolyte imbalance does this person have?

5. Discuss the lab values:

Chemistry

ABGs

Urinalysis

6.. Calculate the anion gap. Why is it important to follow theanion gap in DKA?

.. What are the potential precipitating factors for DKA ingeneral and for Brian specifically?

6. Utilizing the DKA protocol, how do you initiate insulinmanagement for Brian?

Insulin bolus 0.15 units X 73 kg=10.9 units; 10 unit bolus

Hour of Infusion	Blood Glucose	Insulin Infusion Rate	Glucose Change
1	560
2	515	(Change to algorithm 2) 6 units	45
3	460	12 units	55
4	385	16 units	75
5	315	12 units	70
6	245	Change ivf to D51/2 8 units	70
7	175	4 units	70
8	125	3 units	50
9	60	Off x 1 hour	65
10	68	Off x 1 hour	8
11	100	(Change to algorithm 2) 0.5 units	32