PSYCO105 Chapter Notes - Chapter Chapter 2: Social Desirability Bias, Observer-Expectancy Effect, Naturalistic Observation
14 May 2017
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Diffusion of responsibility: a psychological state in which each person feels decreased personal responsibility for intervening (the scenario when kitty was raped but 38 witnesses did nothing). Gathering evidence: scientific process steps : identify question of interest. Comes from personal experiences, news events, sc articles, etc. Scientists observe something that piques their interest & ask a question about it. Neighbours watched but didn"t call police until too late. Why did no one help: gather information and form hypothesis. Scientists determine whether any studies, theories can help answer already exist -> hypothesis (if-then). Diffusion of responsibility; h: if multiple bystanders present, then dor will decrease each bystander"s likelihood of intervening: test hypothesis; conduct research. Create emergency in controlled setting; manipulate perceived #bystanders; measure whether and how quick ea participants helps: analyze data, draw tentative conclusions, and report findings. Data revealed that helping decreases as perceived #of bystanders increases; hypothesis supported. New hypothesis can be generated: build a body of knowledge.
