ACCT 217 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Inverse Relation, Perpetual Inventory, Financial Statement

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tanreindeer390

26 Jan 2015

School

University of Calgary

Department

Accounting

Course

ACCT 217

Professor

Philip Egberts

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Document Summary

Internal control is a process designed to help an organization achieve reliable financial reporting, effective and efficient operations, and compliance with relevant laws and regulations. It is used most often in situations involving a relatively small number of costly items that are easily distinguishable (e. g. , by their physical characteristics, serial numbers, or special markings). Examples include some types of jewellery, art work, pianos, and automobiles. In periods of inflation,(when prices are rising) fifo produces a higher profit as the lower unit costs of the first units purchased are deducted from sales revenue. If prices are falling, the results from the use of fifo and average are reversed: fifo will report the lowest profit and average the highest. If prices are stable, both cost formulas will report the same results: compared with fifo, average will result in more recent costs being reflected in the cost of goods sold.

Related Questions

MATCHING

Inventory system that updates the merchandise inventory account only at the end of the accounting period based on a physical count of merchandise on hand.

Statement where net income is determined by deducting all expenses from all revenues.

Inventory system that updates the merchandise inventory account for every purchase and sale transaction.

Payment arrangements determined by the seller as to when invoices are due and whether early payment discount is offered.

Shipping terms where the ownership of merchandise passes to the buyer when the seller delivers the merchandise to the freight carrier.

Statement that includes subtotals for net sales, gross profit, and net operating income in determining net income.

Losses of inventory due to theft, damage, spoilage, etc. that cause the actual inventory on hand to be less than that on record.

Shipping terms where the ownership of merchandise passes to the buyer when the buyer receives the merchandise.

FOB destination
Periodic inventory system

Credit terms
FOB shipping point

Multiple-step income statement
Inventory shrinkage

Perpetual inventory system

Single-step income statement

The management at Sampson, Inc. understands that an effective internal control system provides many positives. Among these positives are reliable financial information that enables management to make educated decisions with an opportunity to prevent or detect errors. The internal audit staff at Sampson conducts a periodic review of the organizationâs accounting records in order to determine if the system for internal controls is effective.

In the latest audit, the staff found the following situations:

1) Bank deposits and cash receipts do not always reconcile.

2) Decisions and the actual write-offs of bad debt are performed by the same person.

3) Occasional discrepancies exist between physical inventory and the perpetual inventory records.

4) Adjustments to physical inventory counts and the perpetual inventory records have been observed.

5) Customer refunds and credits are not unusual.

6) Original source documents are missing. However, substitute copies of the original source documents are available.

7) Many source documents lack appropriate management approval.

Travis Company has just completed a physical inventory count at year-end, December 31 of the current year. Only the items on the shelves, in storage, and in the receiving area were counted and costed on a FIFO basis. The inventory amounted to $66,500. During the audit, the independent CPA developed the following additional information: Goods costing $910 were being used by a customer on a trial basis and were excluded from the inventory count at December 31 of the current year. Goods in transit on December 31 of the current year, from a supplier, with terms FOB destination (explained in the âRequiredâ section), cost $1,400. Because these goods had not yet arrived, they were excluded from the physical inventory count. On December 31 of the current year, goods in transit to customers, with terms FOB shipping point, amounted to $1,800 (expected delivery date January 10 of next year). Because the goods had been shipped, they were excluded from the physical inventory count. On December 28 of the current year, a customer purchased goods for cash amounting to $3,050 and left them âfor pickup on January 3 of next year.â Travis Company had paid $1,720 for the goods and, because they were on hand, included the latter amount in the physical inventory count. On the date of the inventory count, the company received notice from a supplier that goods ordered earlier at a cost of $4,000 had been delivered to the transportation company on December 27 of the current year; the terms were FOB shipping point. Because the shipment had not arrived by December 31 of the current year, it was excluded from the physical inventory count. On December 31 current year, the company shipped $1,700 worth of goods to a customer, FOB destination. The goods are expected to arrive at their destination no earlier than January 8 of next year. Because the goods were not on hand, they were not included in the physical inventory count. One of the items sold by the company has such a low volume that management planned to drop it last year. To induce Travis Company to continue carrying the item, the manufacturer-supplier provided the item on a âconsignment basis.â This means that the manufacturer-supplier retains ownership of the item, and Travis Company (the consignee) has no responsibility to pay for the items until they are sold to a customer. Each month, Travis Company sends a report to the manufacturer on the number sold and remits cash for the cost. At the end of December of the current year, Travis Company had seven of these items on hand; therefore, they were included in the physical inventory count at $780 each. Required: Assume that Travisâs accounting policy requires including in inventory all goods for which it has title. Note that the point where title (ownership) changes hands is determined by the shipping terms in the sales contract. When goods are shipped âFOB shipping point,â title changes hands at shipment and the buyer normally pays for shipping. When they are shipped âFOB destination,â title changes hands on delivery, and the seller normally pays for shipping. Begin with the $66,500 inventory amount and compute the correct amount for the ending inventory. (Deductible amounts should be entered with a minus sign. If no adjustment is necessary, enter a 0 in the cell.)

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ACCT 217 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Inverse Relation, Perpetual Inventory, Financial Statement

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