BIOL 1500 Chapter Notes - Chapter 15: Background Extinction Rate, Ecological Pyramid, Habitat Fragmentation

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One must know background extinction rate which is the rate at which species are lost through evolutionary processes: causes of extinction: habitat destruction and fragmentation: agricultural, industrial, residential development accelerated as population rapidly increased of humans. The general pattern in area species curves are that number of species in an area increases as the size increases but but the rate of increase slows as as the area becomes too large. Rainforests will be decreased to about 10% in the next 30 years greatly affecting the populations living within. Habitat destruction can cause lower levels of pyramid to shrink affecting top predators of calories. Introduced species: organisms brought by human activity to a new environment, often dangerous to native species. The process of co-evolution occurs when pairs of species adapt to each other via natural selection. Overexploitation: human use of a species outpaces the reproduction rate. Pollution is the release of poisons, excess nutrients and other waste into the environment.

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