FRHD 2100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 9: Twin Study, Castration Anxiety, Biphobia
1 Jun 2018
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FRHD*2100 (DE) Chapter 9
Page 1 of 13
Chapter 9: Sexual Orientation
Getting Oriented Toward Sexual Orientation
• “eual Oietatio
– Definition: the dietioalit of oe’s eoti attatio
• Heteoseual Oietatio
– Definition: erotic attraction to members of the opposite gender
• Hooseual Oietatio
– Definition: erotic attraction to members of your own gender
• Biseual Oietatio
– Definition: erotic attraction to both men and women
• Coig to Tes ith Tes
– The te hooseualit is soehat otoesial:
• Das attetio to seual ehaiou.
• Has histoial assoiatio ith deiae ad etal illess.
• Ofte used ol i efeee to e, edering lesbians invisible.
– Sexual orientation refers to the direction of romantic interest and erotic attraction,
Not sexual activity.
– This distinction is useful, because many heterosexual people have same-sex
experiences and many gay and lesbian people have opposite-sex experiences.
• “eual Oietatio ad Gede Idetit
– Like most heterosexuals, most gay men and lesbians have gender identities consistent
with their anatomic sex.
– A small percentage of gays and lesbians are transgender.
– When heterosexuals think about gays and lesbians, they often focus on sexual aspects
of relationships; the relationships of gays and lesbians (like heterosexuals) involve more
than sex.
• Ol a sall aout of tie i heteoseual ad hooseual elatioships is
spent on sex.
• Moe asi to ga o lesia seual oietatio is the foatio of romantic
attachments ith ees of oe’s o se.
– Sexual orientation can be conceptualized/measured based on several factors
(Alderson, 2007):
- Sexual attraction
- Sexual fantasies
- Sexual preferences
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FRHD*2100 (DE) Chapter 9
Page 2 of 13
- Sexual partners
- Tendency to fall in love romantically
- Experience of falling in love romantically
• Classifig “eual Oietatio
– Not clear cut –a significant percentage of people are neither exclusively heterosexual
nor exclusively gay or lesbian.
• It’s ot uusual fo heteoseual people to hae sae-sex sexual experiences.
• Ga ales ad lesias a also egage i ale-female activity while
maintaining a gay sexual orientation.
– “eual oietatio is’t eessail epessed i seual ehaiou.
• Ma people see theseles as ga o heteoseual log efoe the have sex
with members of their own gender.
– People’s erotic interests may shift over time.
• Woe’s seual oietatios ae appaetl soehat oe flexible than
e’s.
– Chivers & Bailey (2005)
• Eposed e ad oe to isual ale ad feale seual stiuli ad
measured genital responses and self-reports of sexual arousal.
• Male heteoseuals espoded geitall to female stimuli; gay males to male
stimuli .
• Woe, oth heteoseual ad lesia, ee oe likel to e aoused
both male and female stimuli .
– People may have various degrees of sexual interest in, and sexual experience with,
people of either sex.
– Attraction to people of the same and other sex may not be mutually exclusive.
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FRHD*2100 (DE) Chapter 9
Page 3 of 13
Kinsey Continuum
Getting Oriented Toward Sexual Orientation
• The Kise Cotiuu
– Kinsey and his colleagues (1948, 1953) found evidence of a continuum of sexual
orientation.
– Bisexuality represented a midpoint (3) between exclusively heterosexual (0) and
exclusively homosexual (6) orientation.
– Kinsey data suggested that approximately 10% of Americans were either gay or
predominantly gay.
– Half the people who reported male–male sexual activity in the Kinsey data limited it to
the ages of 12 to 14, another one-third had experiences before age 18 and not again.
– The Kinsey research showed that sexual behaviour patterns can change.
• Challeges to the Kise Cotiuu
– Heterosexual and homosexual orientations may be separate dimensions, rather than
polar opposites.
– Storm (1980) found evidence that there are separate dimensions of responsiveness to
male-female sexual stimulation (heteroeroticism) and same sex stimulation
(homoeroticism).
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Document Summary
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