MBG 1000 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: Gene Expression Profiling, Dna Profiling, Karyotype

• School: University of Guelph
• Department: Molecular Biology and Genetics
• Course: MBG 1000
• Professor: Christine Schisler

Document Summary

Genes are the instructions to manufacture proteins, which determine inherited traits. A genome is a complete set of genetic information. A cell, the unit of life, contains two genomes of dna. Genomics is the study of many genes and their interactions. Genetics is the study of inherited traits and their variations. Genetics can be considered at the levels of dna, genes, chromosomes, genomes, cells, tissues, organs, individuals, families and populations. A gene can exist in more than one form or allele. Genes encode proteins and the rna molecules that synthesize proteins. Rna carries the gene sequence information so that it can be utilized, while the dna is transmitted when the cell divides. Much of the genome does not encode protein. Variants of a gene, called alleles, arise by mutations. Alleles may differ slightly from one another, but encode the same product. A polymorphism is a site or sequence of dna that varies in 1 percent of more of a population.