PSYC 2450 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Optical Flow, Adrenal Gland, Pubic Hair

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Height and weight change: rapid growth in first 2 years of life, growth spurt in puberty. Changes in body proportions: cephalocaudal (head downword) growth, proxomodistal (centre outward) growth which reverses during puberty. Muscular development: born with all the muscle fibres we will ever have, cephalocaudal and proxomodistal growth. See both individual and cultural differences in growth. Development of the brain: brain growth spurt first 2 years, neural development and plasticity. The majority of neurons are formed by the end of the second trimester) Form in neural tube and then migrate to form different parts of the brain. Growth spurt is due to the development of glia cells (nourish and encase neurons to form myelin) Neurons specialize in function depending on where they migrate to. Synaptogenesis (formation of synaptic connections among neurons) proceeds rapidly during the brain growth spurt. If a neuron does not make connections then it dies (happens early in life)

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