SOC 2700 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Environmental Design, Physical Geography, 2011–12 Nfl Playoffs
Document Summary
Most often associated with cesare bonesana, marchese de beccaria. His work was based on a kind of free-will rationalistic hedonism. Proposed rational calculation of costs and benefits. Argued that punishments should be proportional to the seriousness of offenses which would deter potential offenders. The social and intellectual background of classical criminology. Classical criminology was originally a protest against criminal justice policies and the spiritual explanations of crime on which they were based. One of the most important sources of spiritual explanations was from st. thomas. Aquinas who argued that there was a god-given natural law that was revealed by ob- serving, through the eyes of faith, people"s natural tendency to do good rather than evil. Because crime was identified with sin, the state claimed the moral authority to use many horrible and gruesome tortures on criminals. Beginning with thomas hobbes, social contract thinkers substituted naturalistic argu- ments for the spiritualistic arguments.
