BIOL359 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Genetic Variation, Adenine, Phenotypic Plasticity
24 Sep 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Much of the structure of living things is provided by proteins. Different cells are distinguished by the proteins they make. The genetic material in all cellular forms of life, is dna. Dna is a double helix and each half of the ladder is a chain of nucleotides. Each nucleotide consists of a phosphate group, a sugar called deoxyribose, and a base. The four bases found in dna adenine, thymine, guanine, and cytosine give the four kinds of dna nucleotides the abbreviated names a, t, g, and c: a pairs with t, c pairs with g. A gene is a unit of inheritance (dna) occupying a fixed position on a chromosome. Genes in organisms are embedded in long dna molecules called chromosomes. The corpus of genetic instructions carried by an individual is called its genome. When organism reproduce, they copy their genomes and bestow copies on their offspring.
