CHEM237 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Jar, John Wiley & Sons, Electrospray Ionization

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When 40 or more amino acids are connected, it is considered a polypeptide: 40 is the min as it need a stable shape to carry out function, over 1000 is inefficient in terms of protein synthetic machinery. Multisubunit proteins are formed from a single polypeptide that is cleaved into smaller chains (insulin) Protein stability is dependent on ph, temperature, proteases, storage, absorption to surfaces. Ninhydrin identifies proline as ninhydrin causes two reactions in all amino acids except for proline, which stops at the first reaction (the decarboxylation step) which causes a yellow colour. Dansyl chloride is responsible for finding the n-terminus of a group as it is highly fluorescent. Sanger reagent the use of fdnb (1-fluro-2,4-dinitrobenzene) was used to determine the primary structure of insulin. Bradford assay uses light to determine the concentration of protein. The use of salt concentration is very effective as proteins precipitate at different salt concentration due to ionic and hydrophobic composition.