PSYCH261 Chapter Notes - Chapter 5: Neural Development, Neural Tube, Intellectual Disability

• School: University of Waterloo
• Department: Psychology
• Course: PSYCH261
• Professor: Daniel Smilek

Document Summary

Cns forms when embryo is about 2 weeks old. Growth and development: proliferation (production of new cells) Early development cells lining the ventricles of the brain divide, some cells remain where they are (as stem cells) others become primitive neurons + glia that begin migrating to other locations. Similar among vertebrates (differs mainly in cell division) Human brain proliferate longer than chimpanzees: migration (move): After cells have differentiated as neurons or glia. Some neurons migrate faster than others, some don"t reach destination until adulthood. Deficit in these chemicals decreased brain size, decreased axon growth, mental retardation: differentiation: Neuron forms its axon and dendrites (primitive neuron looks like any other cell differentiate) Axon grows first (migrating neuron tows its axon like a tail) After migrating neuron reaches its destination, its dendrites begin to form: myelination: Glia produce insulating fatty sheaths that accelerate transmission in many vertebrate axons. Myelin forms first in the spinal cord hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain.