BIOL 111 Chapter Notes -Empty Spaces, Plant Cell, Microtubule
Document Summary
Bacteria: tiny single celled prokaryotic (lack nucleus) organisms. Spiral (spirochetes: nucleoid region of the bacterial cell contains a double-stranded, circular dna chromosome, bacteria may also contain small, circular extrachromosal dna (dna that is separate from the chromosome) called plasmids. Bacteria have evolved to carry genes on these plasmids that provide protection against chemicals, called antibiotics, designed to kill them. Cell wall provides rigidity and protection and it is composed of carbohydrates and protein molecules. Cell wall of many bacteria is surrounded by a gelatinous capsule, which helps bacteria to attach to cells within tissues they infect. It also helps bacteria to escape destruction by cells of the immune system. Page 1: they double their population every 20 minutes. Refrigeration slows the rate at which bacteria divide: bacterial infection occurs when the bacteria uses the cell"s nutrients in order to grow, prevents cell from growing.
