BIOL 112 Chapter 2: Ch. 2

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rosescorpion41

26 Sep 2011

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2. 2 the early oceans + properties of water. Water vital b/c as a solvent, can dissolve more types of substances than others. Substances most likely to collide + react when dissolved. O more en than h -> polar covalent -> since bent, molecule polar (if was linear, polarity don"t matter) 2 h20s -> partial (+) on h attracts partial (-) on o -> hydrogen bond. In aqueous (water-based) solution, h-bonds form btwn water + polar molecs + ions (hydrophilic) Hydrophobic-uncharged/nonpolar compounds that don"t interact w/ h20 thru h- bonds or dissolve. Interact w/ each other instead (weaker than h-bonds) H bonds not as strong as covalent/ionic bonds, but more common. H20 structure + ability to form h-bonds can explain: expands when liquid -> solid, high specific heat. Cohesion-binding btwn like molecules (h20 cohesive b/c of h-bonds btwn molecules) Adhesion-binding btwn unlike molecules, usually btwn liquid and solid surface (h20 adheres to any surface with polar or charged components)

Related Questions

Circle the word of phrase that correctly completes the sentece or answers the question. The property that allows water molecule to be attracted to each other is called (cohesion, adhesion). This propert is conferred by (covalent bonds, hydrogen gonds). This property is conferred by ( covalent bond, hydrogen bond). Ice is ( more dense, less dense) than liquid water. Water is polar molecule because of the unequal sharing of( electrons, protons) between the atoms in H2O. Adhesion of water to a surface is through the action of (covalent bond, ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds) between the water and the surace. Water is converted from liquid to vapor through the brakage of ( colvalent, hydrogen) bonds. Which (one) of these substance is not hydrophilic:( cellulose, oil, NaCl). Which of these will not dissolve in water, even though it is polar?(cellulose, oil, NaCl). Which of these is an electrolyte? (cellusose oil, NaCl). A buffer will contain a week acis , weak base, both).

Which types of molecules will dissolve easily in water? CHECK ALL THAT APPLY.

a) Small polar covalent molecules.

b) Ionic compounds.

c) Large, folded protein molecules with exposed polarized regions.

d) Large non-polar molecules such as most hydrocarbons.

e) Highly hydrophobic molecules.

f) Highly hydrophilic molecules.

Ionic bonds are formed when two opposite charged ions (formed when atoms lose or gain electrons) encounter each other. These bonds can be viewed as âextreme polar covalent bondsâ as one atom is in total control of the otherâs electron(s). Why are ionic bonds so much weaker when they are in water?

A.	Ionic compounds such as salts are hydrophilic, so they prefer to form bonds with water molecules over other compounds.

B.	Water molecules readily form covalent bonds to charged particles and, as these bonds are stronger than ionic bonds, the ionic bonds are pulled apart.

C.	Water molecules shorten the size of covalent bonds and this weakens ionic interactions.

D.	Water molecules readily donate electrons and nullify the positively charged ions.

E.	Polar water molecules can physically interfere with the polar (positive/ negative) charged attraction between ions and thus the ionic bonds are disrupted and weakened.

BIOL 112 Chapter 2: Ch. 2

BIOL 112 Full Course Notes

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