BIOL 361 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Second Messenger System, Potassium Channel, Cytoskeleton

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Ion channels are membrane proteins that form pores for specific ions to pass when the channel is open. The channels are specific to one or sometimes two ions. The specificity of transport is due to a structural component of the channel: selectivity filter. Differentiate between leak ion channels and gated ion channels. Identify the types of ion gated channels (leak channels & voltage-, ligand-mechano- gated channels. Cell membranes have intrinsic permeability to ions, even at rest, due to the presence of leak channels. Ions will move down their electrochemical gradients (toward their equilibrium potential) through these leak channels. Active pumping by the na+/k+ atpase is needed to compensate for the leakage of na+ and k+ ions. Change in vm open and/or close the channels. Ligand binds to the channel and causes a conformational change which opens an ion channel within the protein a route for the ion to move across the membrane.

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