POLI 100 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Robert Reich, Liberal Democracy, Authoritarianism
23 Nov 2017
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Forms: direct: rule by people (e. g. ancient athens, possible only in small societies, representative: rule by representatives elected by citizens (e. g. canada) Historical background: ancient athens: excluded women, slaves & foreigners, not liked by plato & aristotle equated it with mob rule, negative term until recently. Development: french & american revolutions, democracy was central goal, 19th century democracy, influenced by bentham & mill"s utilitarian theory of democracy, utilitarian democracy gives rise to idea of liberal democracy, conjoining of capitalism & democracy. Capitalism & democracy: d: combination of universal suffrage with personal rights, egalitarian, c: economic system that focuses on private ownership and free markets, inegalitarian in terms of outcome. Now, their relationship diverged; capitalism thrives while democracies struggles to keep up. Sen"s values of democracy: intrinsic: political freedom is part of human freedom, instrumental: democracy can enhance hearing of people expressing claims, constructive: democracy gives citizens opportunity to learn from one another.
