PSYC 2050U Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Olfactory Receptor Neuron, Superior Olivary Complex, Medial Geniculate Nucleus
Document Summary
The pinna (external ear) captures, focuses, and filters sound. The sound arriving at the tympanic membrane (eardrum) is focused on the three ossicles of the middle ear onto the oval window to stimulate the fluid-filled inner ear. Sound arriving at the oval window causes travelling waves to sweep along the basilar membrane of the cochlea. For sounds of high frequency, the largest displacement of the basilar membrane is at the base of the cochlea, near the oval window; for low-frequency sounds, the largest amplitude is near the apex of the cochlea. The organ of corti has both inner hair cells and outer hair cells. Cochlear neurons project bilaterally to the superior olivary nucleus, innervates the inferior colliculus, relayed to the medial geniculate nucleus and primary auditory cortex in the temporal lobe. Interaural temporal differences differences in time between two ears. Humans detect five main tastes salty, sour, sweet, bitter and umami. Taste buds taste receptor cells located in clusters.