ECO 1102 Chapter Notes -Microeconomics, Demand Curve

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Chapter 4- the market forces of supply and demand. Considered the bread and butter" of microeconomics. Purpose: to analyze the allocation of the production of goods and services across industries of the economy. Demand function: d= f (price; consumer preferences, income, prices of related goods, expectations of future price and/or income) Quantity demanded: the total amount of a good or service that all consumers are able and willing to buy given a price per unit of time. It is a point on the horizontal axis of the demand curve. Demand: total relationship between price (p) and the quantity demanded (qd) $, how many units would you be able and willing to buy each week: this relationship must be estimated. As we will see, producers estimate demand using trial and error.

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1.	_____	The satisfaction or benefit that consumers receive from consuming goods or services.
2.	________________ _	A particular combination of specific quantities of goods or services
3.	________________ _	Consumers can rank all conceivable bundles of goods or services
4.	_____	If A is preferred to B, and B is preferred to C, then A is always preferred to C.
5.	_____	Equation showing a consumerâs perception of the total utility forthcoming from consuming each bundle of goods and services.
6.	_____	A set of consumption bundles each and every one of which provides a consumer with exactly the same level of total utility.
7.	_____	The number of units of Y that must be given up for total utility to remain the same when one more unit of X is consumed.
8.	_____	The addition to total utility attributable to consuming one more unit of a good, holding the consumption of all other goods constant.
9.	_____	The line showing all bundles of goods that can be purchased at given prices if the entire income is spent.
10.	_____	The change in the consumption of a good that would result if the consumer remained on the original indifference curve after the price of the good changes.
11.	_____	The change in consumption of goods results strictly from the change in purchasing power after the price of a good changes.
12.	________________ _	The sum of the substitution and income effects.
13.	_____	A good for which quantity demanded varies directly with price, causing an upward sloping demand curve.
14.	_____	A list of prices and the corresponding quantity consumers are willing and able to purchase at each price.

blushwildebeest943

1. Managerial economics can best be defined as the:

Select one:

a. macroeconomics and microeconomics for managers.

b. analysis of the labor market through the behavior of workers and managers.

c. analysis of major management decisions using economic tools.

d. study of economic incentives on consumer behavior and demand.

e. study of the strategic interaction between firms in a market.

2. The price elasticity of demand is defined as the ratio of the _____ other factors held constant.

Select one:

a. change in the price of a good to the change in the total revenue

b. percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in the price of a competitorâs good

c. percentage change in quantity demanded to the percentage change in price

d. percentage change in the price of an input to the percentage change in the price of the good

e. percentage change in price of the good to the percentage change in the consumersâ income

3. According to the law of demand, if a firm reduces the price of its good:

Select one:

a. the quantity of goods produced and sold by the firm will decline.

b. competing firms will reduce prices.

c. some consumers will exit the market.

d. consumers in the market will demand more units of the good.

e. consumers will demand fewer units than before the price cut.

4. Other factors constant, a change in _____ will cause a shift in a firm's demand curve.

Select one:

a. the quantity of the good offered for sale

b. the price of the good or service

c. the wages paid to labor employed

d. the general income level of consumers

e. the technology used in the production of the good or service

apricotleopard382

17. Which of the following is a determinant of supply?

A. Tastes and preferences

B. Price of a complementary good

C. Consumer income

D. Technology

18. A market is in equilibrium:

A. provided there is no surplus of the product

B. at all prices above that shown by the intersection of the supply and demand curves

C. if the amount producers want to sell is equal to the amount consumers want to buy

D. whenever the demand curve is downsloping and the supply curve is upsloping.

19. If the market price is above the equilibrium price:

A. A shortage will occur and producers will produce more and lower prices

B. A surplus will occur and producers will produce less and lower prices

C. A surplus will result and consumers will bid prices up

D. Producers will make extremely high profits

20. The market system automatically corrects a surplus condition in a competitive market by:

A. Raising the price of the commodity in question while increasing the quantity demanded

B. Raising the price of the commodity in question while decreasing the quantity demanded

C. Reducing the price of the commodity in question while increasing the quantity demanded

D. Reducing the price of the commodity in question while decreasing the quantity demanded

21. The price elasticity of demand measures:

A. buyer responsiveness to price changes.

B. the extent to which demand curve shifts as incomes change.

C. the slope of the demand curve.

D. how far business executives can stretch their fixed costs

22. The elasticity of demand for a product is likely to be greater:

A. if the product is a necessity, rather than a luxury good.

B. the greater the amount of time over which buyers adjust to a price change

C. the smaller the proportion of one's income spent on the product.

D. the smaller the number of substitute products available.

23. Market failure is said to occur whenever:

A. private markets do not allocate resources in the most economically desirable way

B. prices rise

C. some consumers who want a good do not obtain it because the price is higher than they are willing to pay

D. government intervenes in the functioning of private markets.

24. A negative externality or spillover cost occurs when:

A. firms fail to achieve allocative efficiency.

B. firms fail to achieve productive efficiency.

C. the price of the good exceeds the marginal cost of producing it.

D. the total cost of producing a good exceeds the costs borne by the producer

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ECO 1102 Chapter Notes -Microeconomics, Demand Curve

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