PSY 2114 Chapter Notes - Chapter 2: Near-Sightedness, Preterm Birth, Neural Tube

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PSY 2114 Full Course Notes
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PSY 2114 Full Course Notes
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Zygote: single cell that is formed from the fusing of two gametes, a sperm and an ovum. Dna: molecule that contains the chemical instructions for cells to manufacture various proteins. Chromosome: one of 46 molecules of dna (23 pairs) that almost every cell of the human body contains which contain all the genes. Gene: basic unit for transmission of heredity (instructions for the cell to manufacture certain proteins), genes can be turned on or off regarding expression by rna. Gamete: reproductive cell (sperm, ovum) that can produce a new individual if it combines with a gamete from the opposite sex to form a zygote. Homozygous: same zygote, exact match between the two genes. Heterozygous: other zygote, allele is different from father and mother. Genotype: entire genetic inheritance, genetic potential, collection of genes. Phenotype: observable characteristics of an individual (ie. appearance, personality, etc. ) Genome: the full set of genes for a certain species (humans: 20,000-23,000)

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