BIO304H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 1: G Protein–Coupled Receptor, Ion Channel, Cell Membrane

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Excitable cells (neurons, muscle cells, receptor cells) can generate electrical signals. They use ion channel receptors to convert other signals into electrical signals. Excitable cells have different amount of ions in cytoplasm than extracellular environment. These concentrations create electrical potential so channels in membrane open + allow ion movement and this creates electrical signal. Ion channel receptors = multimeric proteins in plasma membrane these form a pore in the membrane so they can open and close in response to signals. When ion channel opens, ions move in/out single file. Only allow single type of ion to pass through them; amino acids are around the channel and they determine what gets through, plus the size of the channel determines what gets through. They open/close quickly and when they close, they enter a resting state where they don"t respond to signals. Activating g protein coupled receptor + ion channel receptor cause conformational change in receptor protein.

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