BIO207H5 Chapter Notes -Dihybrid Cross, Chi-Squared Test, William Bateson
Document Summary
The characteristics of an individual are traits (also called characters) The genetic constitution of an organism is called its genotype and the phenotype is an observable trait or set of traits of an organism produced by the interaction between its genotype and the environment. Genes provide only the potential for developing a particular phenotype. The extent to which that potential is realized, in many cases, depends on environmental influences and random developmental events. In other words, genotypes set the range of possible phenotypes, while the environment determines where in that range the phenotype ends up. The work of mendel is considered the foundation of modern genetics. From the results of crossbreeding pea plants with different traits, mendel developed a simple theory to explain the transmission of hereditary traits from generation to generation. 0generally genetic crosses with eukaryotes are done as follows: two diploid individuals are allowed to produce haploid gametes by meiosis.