CHM120H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 11: Orbital Hybridisation, Square Planar Molecular Geometry, Ellipse
Document Summary
11. 1: valence bond (vb) theory & orbital hybridization: the central themes of vb theory the basic principle is that a covalent bond forms when orbitals of two atoms overlap and a pair of electrons occupy the overlap region. The shape differs from the atomic orbitals with one large and one small lobe, the orbital orientation increase electron density in bonding direction: overlap of orbitals from central and surrounding atoms: 11. 2: models of orbital overlap and the types of covalent bonds. Orbitals can overlap by two modes: end to end or side to side, which gives rise to two types of covalent bond, sigma and pi: orbital overlap in single and multiple bonds. End to end overlap and sigma ( )bonding: End to end overlap forms a sigma bond which has its highest electron density along the bond axis and is shaped like an ellipse rotated about its long axis. Side to side overlap and pi ( )bonding :