PSY270H5 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Syllogism, Risk Aversion, Confirmation Bias
Document Summary
Deductive reasoning: involves sequences of statements called syllogisms. Inductive reasoning: arrive at conclusions about what is probably true, based on evidence. Syllogism: includes two statements (premises), followed by a third statement, the conclusion. Categorical syllogisms: premises and conclusion describe the relation between two categories by using statements that begin with all, no, or some. Validity: a syllogism is valid when its conclusion follows logically from its two premises. Premise 1: all birds are animals (all a are b) Premise 2: all animals have four legs (all b are c) Which have to be evaluated to determine whether they are consistent with the facts. Conditional syllogisms: have two premises and a conclusion, but the first premise has the form, if then : antecedent: p if term or first term, consequent: q then term or second term. Four syllogisms that begin with the same first premise. If i study, then i"ll get a good grade. (concrete version)
