ANTA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Gamete, Allele Frequency, Genetic Drift

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27 Apr 2012
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Intro: natural selection acts on genetic variation in population. If all individuals in a population genetically identical no natural selection. Sexual repreoudtion and meiosis are the major evolutionary importance cuz they enhance role of natural selection on a population. Principle of segregation: genes (alleles) occur in pairs (because chromosomes occur in pairs). During gamete production, the members of each gene pair separate, so that each gamete contains one member of each pair. During fertilization, the full number of chromosomes is restored, and members of gene or allele pairs are reunited: mendelian traits: characteristics that are influenced by alleles at only one genetic locus. Examples include many blood types, such as abo. Many genetic disorders, including sickle-cell anemia and tay-sachs disease, are also mendelian traits. Mitochondiral dna/ inheritance: mitochondrial dna subject to muatation, all variations in mtdna is caused by mutation therefore mtdna is very useful for studying genetic change over time. Both sexes inherit their mitochondrial traits from their mother.

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