ANTB14H3 Chapter Notes -Genetic Drift, Neutral Mutation, Allele Frequency
Document Summary
Introduction to evolutionary anthropology shawn m. lehman. There are two kinds of cells: prokaryotic and eukaryotic. Chromosomes are located within the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell. Mitosis is when a parent cell divides into two diploid daughter cells (replicate cells). Meiosis (haploid) - cellular division resulting in each daughter cell receiving half the amount of dna as the parent cell (reproduction in organisms such as humans) Humans 23 pairs of chromosomes in a diploid cell (cell containing 2 chromosomes one inherited from each parent) xx = female xy = male sex chromosomes. Autosomes are responsible for all the phenotypic features (chromosomes not involved in determining sex of the organism) Different organisms have different numbers of chromosomes (48 = chimps) Recombination the process by which two homologous chromosomes exchange genetic material during gamete formation. Dna is in the shape of a double stranded helix. The dna is made up four different nucleotides: adenine (a, cytosine (c, guanine (g, thymine (t)
