BIOA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 20: Lipid A, Dental Plaque, Psychrophile

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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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Antigen- substances that stimulate antibody production by the immune system. 20. 1 the full extent of the diversity of bacteria and archaea is unknown. Everything known about bacteria and archaea is based on tiny fraction of total number of speices. Only isolated and identified 6000 species, what is as low as 1% of total number. In past, we identified and classified bacteria and archaea based on external features (cell wall structure) and physiological differences which meant that we had to grow the organism in culture. Most prokaryotic organisms cannot be grown in culture because they require extreme physiochemical conditions so not much have been learnt about these organisms. Molecular techniques have been developed that isolate and clone dna from an environment and analyze gene sequences. Thus identifying and characterizing bacteria and archaea with having to culture them. Approach known as metagenomics now enables us to investigate the diversity of prokaryotic organisms.

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