BIOA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 21: Human Height, Gene Pool, Genetic Variation

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BIOA01H3 Full Course Notes
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Phenotype: an observable trait, such as human height or wing color in butterflies which is dependant on an individuals genotype and the environment. Genotype: the set of alleles possessed by an individual: humans rank low in terms of overall genetic variation with a 99. 9% identical genome from one individual to another. Gene pool: all the potential alleles present within a species including alleles for a specific eye colour, hair colour, skin colour, etc. Genetic variation has two different sources: mutation and recombination. Mutations generate new variations whereas recombination shuffles mutations into new combinations resulting in the formation of new alleles: mutations which occur in body tissue are somatic (cannot be passed down to offspring). Mutation can be found in the cells which descend from the original mutation bearing cell: mutations which occur in reproductive cells are germline (can you passed down to offspring).

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