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BIOA02H3 Chapter 54: Population Ecology -- KEY TERMS & DEFINITIONS

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15 Apr 2011

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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes

BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes

Document Summary

Life history: describes how organisms allocate their time and energy among the various activities that occupy its life. Ecologists study life histories because they influence how populations grow and are distributed. Ecological interactions influence the evolution of life histories. Int rinsic rate of increase: the rate at which the population would grow under optimal conditions www. notesolution. com. Environmental car rying capacity: an environment can support no more than a certain number of individuals of any particular species per unit of area or volume. Logistic growth: a graph or population size over time typically forms an s-shaped curve. Poorer nutrition may then increase death rates and decrease birth rates: predators may be attracted to areas with high densities of their prey, diseases can spread more easily in dense populations than in sparse populations. Density independent factors: factors that change per capita birth and death rates in a population independently of its density.

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Related Questions

1. Which of the following risks is the result of random variation in the survival and production of offspring and is especially of concern for a small population?

A. Genetic drift

B. Environmental stochasticity

C. Inbreeding depression

D. Demographic stochasticity

2. Imagine you are a marine biologist and you want to estimate the population size of sea otters in your study area. Which of the following method would be the best approach to do this?

B. Mark-recapture

D. All of the above

3. You captured and tagged 15 otters on Day 1. A month later, you resample the area and catch 30 otters, of which 3 are tagged. What is the estimated total population size?

4. If you used a mark-recapture approach to estimate the size of an animal population, but the tags were defective and fell off some of the originally sampled individuals, the method would tend to:

A. Underestimate the true population size

B. Overestimate the true population size

C. Either underestimate or overestimate the true population size, depending on how many individuals lost their tags

D. None of the above

5. Which of the following affect population size?

A. Birth, death

B. Birth, death, immigration, emigration

C. Birth, death, immigration, emigration, speciation

D. Birth, death, genetic drift

E. None of the above

Which of the following best describes the principle of evolution by natural selection?

A. Individuals within a population are genetically identical and natural selection occurs randomly

B. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and those that are best adapted to their environment survive

C. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and those that are least adapted to their environment survive

D. Individuals within a population undergo genetic mutation and natural selection occurs randomly

E. Individuals within a population exhibit genetic variation and natural selection occurs randomly

In a population there are 407 individuals that are AA, 164 individuals that are Aa and 655 individuals that are aa. What is the total number of alleles present in this population?

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