BIOA02H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 40: Cardiac Muscle, Extracellular Fluid, Smooth Muscle Tissue

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BIOA02H3 Full Course Notes
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40. 1 why must animals regulate their i nternal. All animals need nutrients and oxygen and must eliminate carbon dioxide and other waste products of metabolism. Single-celled organisms meet all these needs by direct exchanges with the external environment. Even some simple multicellular animals meet the needs of their cells in this way. Such animals are common in the sea; they tend to be small and flat or, as in sponges, perforated with channels through which seawater can flow. In such an animal, no cell is far from direct contact with seawater, which contains nutrients, absorbs waste, and provides a relatively unchanging physical environment. In larger animals, however, most cells do not have direct contact with the external environment. An internal environment makes complex multicellular animals possible. The cells of multicellular animals exist within an internal environment of extracellular fluid that bathes every cell of the body.

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