BIOC51H3 Chapter : BIOB51 - Lecture 3

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turquoisejackal716

17 Dec 2011

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Evidence that natural selection can produce evolutionary change. Evidence that species change through time (1) evolution under domestication (a) domesticated organisms change through artificial selection = evolve. For example, dogs descend from wild gray wolves. (b) many varieties from a single ancestor all types of fowls came from the red jungle fowl. Cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower all come from the mustard plant. Dogs: high rate of phenotypic evolution arises from extensive variation in tandem repeat loci associated with development genes. In both artificial selection and natural selection there is variation in populations, some of the variation is heritable, and different variants produce different numbers of offspring. The difference between the two is the agent of selection. In artificial selection it is human breeders and there is conscious intent. In natural selection it is the environment (both biological and physical factors) and there is no conscious intent.

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23.

Peter and Rosemary Grantâs research on Darwinâs finches demonstrated that dry years on the Galapagos Island Daphne Major favored deep beaks in the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) and that very wet years favored narrow beaks. In years that were neither wet nor dry (intermediate years), many different types of foods were available, and birds with intermediate beak sizes were favored. Immediately following an intermediate year, average beak size in G. fortis is expected to be

A) narrower than after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

B) wider than after a wet year and narrower than after a dry year.

C) the same as after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

D) the same as after a dry year and narrower than after a wet year.

13.

Select the evidence that would support the hypothesis that peppered moths and industrial melanism are an example of evolution by natural selection. Check all that apply.

A) Different color morphs exist naturally in the peppered moth population.

B) The genetic basis of melanism in peppered moths is unknown.

C) Dark moths are recaptured more in polluted areas than light moths.

D) Birds looking for food often miss moths that are the same color as the mothâs background.

Check all of the statements that are supported by studies of artificial selection.

A) Artificial selection shows that evolutionary change can occur over a short time.

B) Artificial selection shows that natural selection is capable of producing major evolutionary change.

C) Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed individuals of a species with desirable traits.

D) Artificial selection results only in minor changes within a species.

whiteporpoise825

1. What is natural selection and what is artificial selection?What evidence for natural selection can we gain by studyingartificial selection?

2. List the sequences of the mRNA molecules transcribed from thefollowing DNA template sequences Also, translate the associatedamino acid sequence for each.

T G A - T A G - T T G - C T T - G A G - A G T

m RNA =

A A =

3. Using the following template, replicate DNA.

Template: 3' A A G - G T C - T G A - T G G - C C A - T A G5'

Complementary strand:

1)Model the processes of mitosis and

meiosis

2)Discuss how variation in sexually reproducing populationscomes

about

3)Discuss how natural selection andartificial

selection are similar and different

salmonmuskrat656

BIOC51H3 Chapter : BIOB51 - Lecture 3

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