GGRA03H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 3: Water Pollution, Public Health, Germ Theory Of Disease

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When james thompson wrote the city of dreadful night in 1880, he was referring to the dirty, gritty city of london in the midst of rapid industrialization. Rapid urbanization and increasing population density created a strained, hazardous and degraded physical environment that had visible and often significant health impacts. Coketown to refer to cities like manchester, a new type of city where industrialism produced the most degraded urban environment the world had yet seen. In the industrial era, cities faced two pressing water issues: water quality, locating sufficient water supplies for a rapidly urbanizing population. Water pollution in the industrial city originates from two main sources: residential: human and animal waste, which is composed of organic compounds, commercial: factories and businesses. Rubbish, garbage, ashes, scrap metals and slag (formed during iron smelting and other metallurgical processes) were often disposed of on open or vacant lots around the city. Many industrial cities were ill-prepared to provide adequate sanitation services.

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