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HLTB21H3 Chapter 2: Study Notes -- Power of Plagues Chapter 2

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27 Jan 2011

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Caroline Barakat

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Document Summary

Africa was the cradle of humanity, hominids found. Hominids: animals ancestral to modern humans and not closely related to other monkeys and apes. Fossils of several different species found 4. 2 million years ago. Australopithecus anamenis: discovered in kenya in 1994 split from ape lineage. Spent time in trees and behaved similar to chimpanzees. A. afarensis: walked on two feet shown in fossil findings moved from trees to land. Freed them from diseases in the canopies of trees, but allowed for new diseases to develop on land. (ex: in trees, susceptible to fleas, mosquitoes, etc. On land, susceptible to air borne ticks and new food sources, etc. ) Homo habilis (handy man): scavangers and gatherers. Used tools to break down animal carcasses. Suggested greater intelligence than a. afrensis, somewhat larger brain aswell. With meat eating came an increase in parasitism. Developed zoonoses: animal infections transmitted to humans (anthrax, tetanus bacteria, round worm that causes trichinosis, and a variety of intestinal tapeworms)

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Related Questions

1. An increase in gene c diversity due to people from different ancestries reproducing is:

Select one:
a. Genetic drift

b. Gene flow

c. Bottleneck
d. Founder effect

2. Which hominid line both walked upright and was the first to use tools in a sophis cated fashion such as hun ng, construc ng, etc?

Select one:
a. Homo erectus

b. Homo habilis
c. Australopithecus afarensis d. Homo sapiens

Compared to australopithecines and modern humans, what were Homo erectus limb bones?

Australopithecus afarensis

the fossil skeleton known as âLucyâ belongs to this species

is found in southern and eastern Africa

is the largest well-studied collection of early hominins

the earliest primates are found in which epoch?

All of the Eocene primates have modern primate descendants.

If an isotope has a half-life of 4 billion years, then in 4 billion years what will happen?

all of the original amount will have decayed

half of the original amount will still be present

a quarter of the original amount will still be present

all of the original amount will still be present

Biostratigraphy is a type of relative dating technique.

Which dating technique could you use to get an estimated age in years from a bone that is known to be less than 40,000 years old?

potassium/argon

thermoluminescence

"John is two years older than Joe." This statement is an example of

a chronometric comparison

an absolute date

a relative date

The task of interpreting early hominin evolution

is still not complete

is best left to geologists

rarely replies on assigning taxonomic names to fossil material

does not require a chronological framework

The earliest possible hominin found to date has been given the name __ and was discovered in __.

Ardipeithecus / East Africa

Sahelanthropos / Central Africa

Australopithecus / the Rift Valley

Orrorin / the Fayum

Compared to australopithecines and modern humans, what were Homo erectus limb bones?

Australopithecus afarensis

the fossil skeleton known as âLucyâ belongs to this species

is found in southern and eastern Africa

is the largest well-studied collection of early hominins

The earliest primates are found in which epoch?

All of the Eocene primates have modern primate descendants.

If an isotope has a half-life of 4 billion years, then in 4 billion years what will happen?

all of the original amount will have decayed

half of the original amount will still be present

a quarter of the original amount will still be present

all of the original amount will still be present

Biostratigraphy is a type of relative dating technique.

Which dating technique could you use to get an estimated age in years from a bone that is known to be less than 40,000 years old?

potassium/argon

thermoluminescence

"John is two years older than Joe." This statement is an example of

a chronometric comparison

an absolute date

a relative date

The task of interpreting early hominin evolution

is still not complete

is best left to geologists

rarely replies on assigning taxonomic names to fossil material

does not require a chronological framework

The earliest possible hominin found to date has been given the name __ and was discovered in __.

Ardipeithecus / East Africa

Sahelanthropos / Central Africa

Australopithecus / the Rift Valley

Orrorin / the Fayum