PHLA10H3 Chapter Notes -Empirical Evidence, Headache, Begging The Question

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Epistemology: tries to evaluate commonsense idea that we have knowledge and that we are rationally justified in believing them. Philosophical skepticism: we don"t have knowledge or that our beliefs are not rationally justified. Three kinds of knowledge: propositional knowledge either true or false; no direct acquaintance, object knowledge statement relates to object, person, thing; direct acquaintance, know-how knowledge have certain abilities. If and only if means conditions are necessary and sufficient. If s has characteristics 1, 2, 3, they are sufficient for him to be b. 1, 2, 3 are necessary for s to be b. For s to know p, p must be true and s must believe that p. Can have true belief but no knowledge. Noninferential justification: some propositions we believe not inferred from other propositions. Justified if process by which belief was formed does not violate any duties of the person. Knowledge is same as justified true belief.

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