PSYA01H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 6: Conditioned Taste Aversion, Classical Conditioning, Foodborne Illness
Chapter 6:
6.1 classical conditioning: Learning by association
Learning: is a process by which behavior or knowledge changes as a result of experience
Cognitive learning: refers to the process of learning new information such s reading,
listening and taking tests
Associate learning: refers to the process of learning new information by the relationships of
certain things
Pavlov’s dogs: Classial onditioning of salvation
• Classical conditioning: learning that occurs when a neutral stimulus elicits a
response that was originally caused by another stimulus
• Unconditioned stimulus (us): is a stimulus that elicits a reflexive response without
learning
• Unconditioned response: is a reflexive, unlearned reaction to an unconditioned
stimulus
• Conditioned stimulus: is a once neutral stimulus that elicits a conditioned response
because it has a history of being paired with an unconditioned stimulus
Process of Classical Conditioning:
• Acquisition: is the initial phase of learning in which a response is established
• Extinction: is the loss or weakening of a conditioned response when a conditioned
stimulus and unconditioned stimulus no longer occur together
• Spontaneous recovery: is the reoccurrence of a previously extinguished response,
typically after some time has passed since extinction
Stimulus Generalization and discrimination:
Stimulus generalization: is a process in which response that originally occurs to a specific
stimulus also occurs to different, though similar stimuli
• I Pavlov’s eperiet, dogs salivated ot just to the origial toe CS but also to ver
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similar tones
Discrimination: occurs when an organism learns to respond to one original stimulus but not to
new stimulus that may be similar to the original stimulus
Conditioned emotional responses: consist of emotional and physiologic responses that develop
to a specific object or situation
• Preparedness: refers to the biological predisposition to rapidly learn a response to a
particular class of stimuli such as the finding that we learn to fear snakes more readily
than either flowers of guns
Conditions taste aversion: is the acquired dislike or disgust of a food or drink because it was
paired with illness
• May develop in a variety of ways such as through illness associated with food poisoning,
the flu, medical procedures or excessive intoxication
Drug use and Tolerance:
• Sexual arousing and reproductive physiology can be influenced by classical conditioning
• A fetish involves sexual attraction and fixation on an object
Conditioning and traumatic brain injury:
• Minimal brain function can be still conditioned. Although patients may not be able to
communicate about the conditioning experience to the researchers, they can show
association by a simple conditioned blink response that is elicited by the sound of a tone
The paradox of diet everages
• Taste of a candy bar is a conditions stimulus that tells the body that a large number of
calories is soon to arrive to the cut
• This relationship is an important one for the body to learn, as it helps maintain energy
balance, eventually telling your body it is time to stop eating sweets and switch to
something else
6.2 operant conditioning: Learning through consequences
Operant conditioning is a type of learning in which behavior is influenced by consequences.
• The term operant is used because the individual operates on the environment before
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Document Summary
Learning: is a process by which behavior or knowledge changes as a result of experience. Cognitive learning: refers to the process of learning new information such s reading, listening and taking tests. Associate learning: refers to the process of learning new information by the relationships of certain things. Stimulus generalization: is a process in which response that originally occurs to a specific stimulus also occurs to different, though similar stimuli. I(cid:374) pavlov"s e(cid:454)peri(cid:373)e(cid:374)t, dogs salivated (cid:374)ot just to the origi(cid:374)al to(cid:374)e (cid:894)cs(cid:895) but also to ver(cid:455) similar tones. Discrimination: occurs when an organism learns to respond to one original stimulus but not to new stimulus that may be similar to the original stimulus. Drug use and tolerance: sexual arousing and reproductive physiology can be influenced by classical conditioning, a fetish involves sexual attraction and fixation on an object. Conditioning and traumatic brain injury: minimal brain function can be still conditioned.
