PSYB20H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 13: Reinforcement, Machismo, Parental Investment
1 May 2017
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Document Summary
Five primary theories used to discuss gender-specific patterns of behaviour: freud"s psychoanalytic theory: proposed that through a process of identification, child acquires either fem or masc traits and behaviours by identifying w/ the same sex parent. It"s not until 6 or 7 that children make stable gender-typed choices: evolutionary approach: stressed the principles of natural selection and adaptation. These concepts are well applied to gender related behaviours, especially ones that increases likelihood of reproduction. Men and women have different strategies for reproductive success. These different strategies have led to the evolution of gender differences in humans. Other biological factors also contribute to the differences in attitudes and behaviours like specific hormones and differences in brain lateralization. Most gender differences are the result of interplay b/w genetic and environmental forces. Gender: refers to the cognitive and social differences. Gender typing: the process by which children acquire the values, motives and behaviours considered appropriate for their gender in their culture.
