PSYB32H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Object Permanence, Cognitive Development, Behaviorism

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18 Nov 2011

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Suggested 4 stages of cognitive development (sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operations, formal operations) Cognitive adaptation: children continually modify their schemas in relation to their own experiences. Substage 1: basic reflex activity (birth to 1 month: infant becomes more proficient in the use of their innate reflexes. Substage 2: primary circular reactions (1 to 4 months) Infants repeat and modify actions that focus on their own bodies and that are pleasurable and satisfying: ex: a baby accidentally brings finger close to mouth and starts sucking on it. Baby finds this pleasurable and attempts to reproduce the exact behaviour. New research directions and explanations of knowledge in infancy. 2 stages of this period: preconceptual and intuitive stages. Thus, they understand object identity a qualitative attribute of objects: however, preoperational children have difficulty when it comes to object quanitity. They think that because the cups are of different sizes, they contain different volumes of water, which is not true.

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30. Which of the following statements concerning divorce is most accurate? A) though divorce is associated with several temporary short-term negative outcomes, research indicates that it is associated with almost no long-term negative outcomes B) though divorce is associated with an increased risk for a variety of short- and long-term problems, most children from divorced families develop into normally adjusted adults C) divorce has serious short- and long-term consequences that negatively impact the vast majority of children from divorced families D) though there are no immediate short-term risks associated with divorce, there are several long-term negative effects that impact the majority of children from divorced families E) divorce has not been found to have either short- or long-term impacts on children

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PSYB32H3 Chapter Notes - Chapter 8: Object Permanence, Cognitive Development, Behaviorism

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