PSYB57H3 Chapter 1: Chapter 1. History, Methods, and Paradigms

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16 Feb 2011
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Cognitive psychology is a branch of psychology concerned with how people acquire, store, transform, use, and communicate information. Cognitive processes include attention, perception, pattern recognition, and memory. Attention: cognitive resources, mental effort, or concentration devoted to a cognitive process. perception: the interpretation of sensory information to yield a meaningful description or understanding. pattern recognition: the classification of a stimulus into a category. Memory: the cognitive processes underlying the storage, retention, and retrieval of information. Recognition: the retrieval of information in which the processor must decide whether the information presented has been previously presented. Recall: the retrieval of information in which the processor must generate most of the information without aids. reasoning: cognitive processes used in transforming given information, called premises, into conclusions. Reasoning is often seen as a special kind of thinking. problem solving: the cognitive processes used in transforming starting information into a goal state, using specified means of solution.